As already suggested,85 the tort clauses of the civil codes point the way to such an account: A tort is a legal liability rule, which specifies a set of conditions under which a defendant has an enforceable legal obligation to compensate a plaintiff. Consider again the central tort clause of the Italian Codice Civile, CC 2043: “Any intentional or negligent act that causes [unjust damage] to another person obliges the person who has committed the act to pay damages.”86 That this clause lays down a compensatory legal liability rule is evident on its face. And nothing in such a clause appears to make any reference to the ideas that the Palsgraf perspective locates at the heart of tort law. Whether a defendant has acted wrongfully toward a plaintiff, mistreated her, affronted her personality, disrespected her, and so on — whether he has committed a wrong to her, not just a wrong to other people or society at large — is, on the face of these clauses, immaterial.
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Медведев вышел в финал турнира в Дубае17:59
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